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Microsoft from Russian
Microsoft from Russian
Yamato (Yap. 大和, Great Harmony, Peace) is a historical public education in Japan, which originated in the Yamato district (Nara Prefecture) of the region in the III-IV centuries. It Existed during the eponymous period of Yamato until the VIII century, until it was renamed in the Year 670 in Nippon (Yap. 日本) — "Japan".
The origin of the Question of the origin of the state Of Yamato is very complex, since there are no synchronous historical written sources that would testify to its appearance. The Origin Of Yamato is described in Japanese sources of the early VIII century. Many of the researchers ' assumptions are based on the works of archaeologists. The Latter associate the emergence and approval of the authorities of the Yamatoskih sovereigns in the Japanese Islands with the propagation of the culture of the Yamatosogo type in the Kofun period in most of the archipelago. A Number of researchers are trying to link the formation of the state of Yamato with the early state education Yamatai and its ruler Chemica, but this hypothesis is not enough arguments.
The Name has different assumptions about the meaning of the word "Yamato", but it is not known reliably. The Ancient Japanese did not have the writing before the Chinese hieroglyphic, so they could not leave the descendants with explanations of their country's name. With the adoption of the characters "Yamato" recorded the sign 倭간장 ("Dwarf"), which the Chinese disparagingly denoted the inhabitants of the Japanese archipelago, but from the 5Th-6TH centuries, this spelling was replaced by a more refined 大和 ("Great Harmony"). Finally in 670 the official name of the state and the Yamatto dynasty was changed to "Nippon" (Yap. 日本, "Source of the Sun").
Despite the renaming, the word "Yamato" did not come out of the household. It continued to be used in the Middle Ages and at a new time to refer to "Japan" primarily in private correspondence or religious rites of Shinto. For the majority of Japanese "Yamato" has lost the derogatory shade of antiquity, which was given to him by the Chinese. It became a poetic name of the country, like the name "Rus" in Russia.
The state Policy of the Ancient Japanese state Of Yamato was quite aggressive education. From the 4TH to the 6TH century Yamatoskie monarchs dominated the western, central and most eastern lands of the island of Honshu, conquered the island of Shikoku and put under their control the north of the island of Kyushu. With the penetration of the Japanese archipelago of Chinese-centric political philosophy, the rulers of Yamato began to consider neighboring tribes as barbarians, which must be "returned" under the monarch's hand. From the 6TH to the 9TH century, the Yamatostsy waged constant wars in the north of the island of Honshu with the tribes of Emisi (Proto-Ayami) and Kumso and Hayato in the south of Kyushu. The Result of this policy was the destruction or assimilation of these tribes.
Yamato also pursued an active foreign policy, particularly in Korea. HIS constant ally on the peninsula was the ancient Korean state of Baekje, which fought against other neighbours-the ancient Korean states Sylla and Goguryeo. A Very active sphere of influence of the Japanese on the Korean Peninsula was also a small South Korean Confederation Kaya (later absorbed Silla). The Silla state was subjected to Repeated Japanese invasions throughout its history. However, in the year 663, when first Packer and then sent to the aid of the Japanese Expeditionary forces were defeated by the Coalition armies of Sylla and China Tang dynasty, the state of Baekje ceased to exist, and the nobility of Baekje emigrated To Japan. Having thus lost the main ally on the continent, the Japanese, having died of foreign policy activity, have cast their ambitions on the Korean peninsula and concentrated on domestic political problems.